Smoking Bans in US

Smoking is a widespread habit that causes many diseases. The issue of whether to ban smoking indoors by the governments of various countries is popular as they try to take a step towards curbing the harmful effects of smoking. People support smoking bans because they understand the harmful effects.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Smoking Bans in US specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some governments have put in place partial smoking bans, and others have passed total smoking bans. This literature review will focus on the whether the United States government should pass a nationwide indoor smoking ban. The difference between partial and total smoking bans. Moreover, smoking at workplaces. Wye, Bowman, Wiggers, Baker, Knight, Carr, et al (2010) says in Australia smoking is the leading cause of disease burden. The rate of smoking is very high among patients diagnosed with psychiatric disorders, and many of th em succumb to smoking related illnesses than their counterparts without the disorders. Total smoking ban is better than partial smoking ban because it protects non smokers from the effects of secondary smoke. The smokers find that they have to cut down the number of cigarettes they smoke in a day as long as they are in total ban smoking areas. The total smoking ban may encourage them to give up the habit. Whereas, partial smoking ban may paint the picture that smoking is fine as long as one does so in a designated area. Yet, the harmful effects continue to undermine their health. For instance, in a mental health facility that practices total smoking ban treatments for nicotine dependence are high unlike in those that have partial bans. For total smoking ban to be successful all the stakeholders in a health institution or in a country need to be included in the strategy. The inclusion of people in implementing the total smoking ban will lead to acceptance and compliance. If the stake holders are not included some will be hostile to the smoking ban, and it might not be successful. However, there is limitation in findings of prior researches on staffs’ view on the issue of total smoking bans in mental health institutions.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The attitude towards smoking in the workplace is mainly negative (Walsh Paul, Paras, Stacey, Tzelepis, et al, 2011). Studies show that many people prefer if employees did not smoke at their workplaces. Many workplaces have implemented a total smoking ban. Many employees are okay with the ban because they do not like their smoking colleagues exposing them to secondary smoke. Moreover, employees waste time during working hours as they take a break to go. and smoke. The breaks affect their productivity hence they do not give their best to their employers. Thus, there is a negative attitude towards workers smoking in their work places. Therefore, one will not see many people smoking at the workplaces openly because of the negative attitude, but will see them smoking outside for instance in parks, bus or rail stops, and home. On the other hand, we have the partial smoking bans. Some governments have passed partial smoking bans to cut down on the cost of smoking both in social, and health terms. The introduction of the bans is not old and many countries such as the United States have taken a step to look into the effects of secondary smoke to people. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention was given the responsibility of studying the effects of secondhand smoke. The findings showed that the number of people suffering from heart attacks decreased. However, there is still no concrete evidence to support that short time exposure to secondary smoke leads to an increase in suffering from cardiovascular diseases. Secondhand smoke has been shown to cause problems to individuals a round the smoker and hence partial bans do not protect the people in the same environment as the smoker. For instance, some hotels and bars have smoking areas, but people near those areas are still exposed to the harmful effects of the secondary smoke. Some studies have been done to examine if partial smoking bans are effective than total smoking bans, and the pros and cons of each (Hofmann Nell, 2012). However, there is no conclusive study about which type of ban is better, but the bottom line is that smoking bans improve the welfare of the society.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Smoking Bans in US specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In conclusion, the United States government should pass a nationwide indoors smoking ban because the harmful effects of smoking cannot be underestimated. The number of people suffering from smoke related diseases is high thus an indoor smoking ban can help to reduce the num bers. Moreover, many people seem to be in agreement that smoking indoors, and exposing the other people to secondary smoke is not good. Hence many would support the indoors smoking ban. The government needs to make a concerted effort to enforce laws against indoor smoking to protect its citizens from the negative effects of smoking, and ease the burden on the health sector. More importantly, the government should bring all the stakeholders on board so that they can support the indoor smoking ban, and avoid law suits by those who feel that the ban may be infringing on their personal freedoms. Besides, the population should be sensitized about the harmful effects of firsthand and secondhand smoke so that they can embrace the smoking bans and in the process deter those who are considering taking up the habit, and encourage those who smoke to quit. Reference List Hofmann, A., Nell, M. (2012). Smoking bans and the secondhand smoking problem: An economic analysis. The European Journal Of Health  Economics, 13(3), 227-236. doi:10.1007/s10198-011-0341-z Walsh, R., Paul, C., Paras, L., Stacey, F., Tzelepis, F. (2011). Workplace- related smoking in New South Wales: extent of bans, public attitudes and relationships with relapse. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 22(2), 85- 90. Wye, P., Bowman, J., Wiggers, J., Baker, A., Knight, J., Carr, V., †¦ Clancy, R. (2010). Total smoking bans in psychiatric inpatient services: a survey of perceived benefits, barriers and support among staff. BMC Public Health,  10372-382. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-372Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This research paper on Smoking Bans in US was written and submitted by user Fant0mex to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Beowulf Essays (384 words) - Beowulf, Geats, English-language Films

Beowulf Essays (384 words) - Beowulf, Geats, English-language Films Beowulf Mythical monsters with great powers that get killed by human men are a typical theme in Anglo-Saxon poetry. Beowulf is an Anglo-Saxon poem translated by Burton Raffel. Three Anglo-Saxon ideals that are portrayed in Beowulf are strength of warriors, boasting of brave deeds, and the belief in the super natural. First, one of the ideals exhibited in Beowulf is physical strength. In Beowulf, Beowulf , the hero from Geatland, exerts the most physical strength. Beowulf doesn't want to use a sword while fighting Grendel. During the fight, Grendel "?twisted in pain, And the bleeding sinews deep in his shoulder \Snapped, muscle and bone split \And broke."(467-470) as Beowulf pulls grendel's arm right out of it's socket. Another example of strength is when Grendel "?Tore it's iron fasteners with a touch?"(375) at Herot's gates. Finally, when Grendel goes into Herot and slashes and kills thirty men, it shows Grendel's great power. Also, there is a great amount of strength during the battle with Beowulf and Grendel's mother. Another ideal portrayed in Beowulf is the right to boast. When the poem talks about Hrothgar's building, that it "?reaches higher toward Heaven then anything \That had ever been known to the sons of men?"(6-7), shows Hrothgar's with his riches. Boasting about not needing to use a weapon, Beowulf values to kill Grendel with his bare hands. The biggest amount of boasting in the poem also came from Beowulf when he arrives at Herot. Telling Hrothgar how many monsters he has killed. Finally, the belief in the supernatural is another ideal in Beowulf. When Beowulf arrives he tells the stories about the sea monsters he fault. When he was done fighting with the sea monsters they were "Left floating lifeless in the sea."(279). There is also Grendel, the main monster in Beowulf, with claws and a bloodthirsty appetite. Last there was Grendel's mother, who comes to avenge of her son. She lives underwater. Grendel's mother kills Beowulf. As shown in my writing, three Anglo-Saxon ideals that are portrayed in Beowulf, are strength of warriors, boasting of brave deeds, and the belief in the super natural. These ideals are common in the majority of Anglo-Saxon writings. If you like crazy monsters and heroes then read some Anglo-Saxon poetry.

Analysing the Common Conception that Power Requires Violence and Viceversa

For example, it is widely believed that power and violence form an interrelated relationship, such as people need to exercise violence, just as violence is required to gain power. It is the same as violence. As Mao explains once, Power comes from barrels (Arendt 1972, 113). This article is meant to question this common concept and its discourse. First of all, through Marx, Weber's work to define violence and power, and violence and power cast doubt on what they believe to be two different things. The third violence theory of these articles distinguish between violence and power. Arendt claims that the two concepts are actually opposite though the left and right theorists regard violence as an expression of extreme power. As voluntary compliance supersedes, power comes from collective will and does not require violence to achieve one of its objectives. When the government begins to lose its legitimacy, violence becomes an artificial means for the same purpose, and therefore it can onl y be found without power. Bureaucracy was then defined as an unmanned opponent, and hence reestablished missing relationships with the people they dominated, and thus became the source of ideal violence. Violence brings pain, but violence is not always seen. Understanding traditional violence follows the general approach of showing violence in the form of physical injuries or injuries. The concept of structural violence has been used in the Marxist theorist's vocabulary in analyzing the relationship of class structure, power and labor exploitation. Regardless of whether these people encountered ideologies or beliefs, they are drawn as enemies without even knowing their status. Flaherty painted Narok as a barbarian and drew this hegemonic power. The locals are restricted to one reality, only distorted and reflect only a fraction of the truth, the attacker 's approach seems to be racial discrimination and paranoia. Hegemony is the concept of leadership or control proposed by the rulin g class. In today's society, people think that supremacy is common sense. It is the cultural power proposed by the authorities, not traditional violence or power. The theory was developed by Marxist theory and Antonio Gramsci. Hegemism is based on the Marxist ruling class and the working class theory. Hegemony can be defined as social anomalies. For example, the cultural structure is dominated by the dominant class and is communicated to the working class as common sense. Hegemony is a tool for socially powerful people to exploit cultural influences to adapt classes that are less powerful to a particular social structure or culture, in order to achieve the best interests of powerful people.

Discuss the performance and effectiveness of Franklin D. Roosevelt Essay

Discuss the performance and effectiveness of Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) as commander-in-chief during the Second World War and how he developed his relationship with the U.S. Armed Forces - Essay Example Roosevelt was the commander in chief of the armed forces of United States. He was held responsible of the industrial might of the state. His roles were enormous in the establishment of the United Nations. Franklin D. Roosevelt always had people behind him during times of war and peace. Some of the methods that Roosevelt applied drew various perspectives on the integrity of his administration. During World War 2, the president ordered the American industry to manufacture large quantities of war equipments. He ordered 18 million tons of shipping, 185,000 planes and 120,000 tanks. The equipments were to be produced within two years. Roosevelt also expanded the number of servicemen in the armed forces and the number reached 11 million.1 The American navy was also integrated and expanded to form complex force that was bigger than the rest combined. Employees in the armed forces were increased to 65 million. Roosevelt encouraged civilians to join the armed forces by having all his sons in the forces. John and Franklin, Jr were in the Navy; James was in the Marines and Elliott in the Army Air Force. The armed forces of United States therefore gained confidence with the president. Franklin D. Roosevelt took interest in agencies that managed war among countries allied to United States. Roosevelt met with Churchill together with their military men and chiefs. The consequence of the meeting was the2 formation of the combined chiefs of staff that planned and managed British and American forces. The combined team allocated ammunitions, controlled military intelligence and communications and also administered the areas that had been conquered. There was also a board that administered industrial resources of the three countries. The raw materials board also managed the supplies among the three states.2 Coordinated management led to the success of the forces and great attribution was made to the president. Franklin D. Roosevelt was concerned with the unity of the

Campaign Finance Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Campaign Finance - Coursework Example Campaign Finance comes through many different avenues, from single-person donations to contributions from big and small corporations and political special interest groups. These days it’s impossible to run for any position without money for travel, ads, and â€Å"get-out-the-vote† campaigns. The only way someone without the financial clout of Ross Perot can go toe-to-toe with the â€Å"big boys† is by joining one of the two main parties: the Democrats and the Republicans. Without the reach, both financially and politically, of these two parties, the odds are squarely against you. True, the occasional â€Å"independent† might win a seat on Congress, but how many independents do you know that won a seat who weren’t former members of one of the parties?So, the first step in financing a campaign is joining a party—unless, of course, you’re Ross Perot. But even he ended up getting squashed in the end through other, more political, methods.C ampaign finance is categorized in two ways: â€Å"hard money† and â€Å"soft money†. Hard money is â€Å"donations made directly to political candidates.† (Wikipedia: â€Å"Campaign Finance in the United States†, paragraph 2) These direct donations come from organizations, individuals, and (you guessed it) the political parties. â€Å"Soft† money is money that isn’t received or spent by the candidate’s campaign but spent by individuals/organizations for political advertisements (often made by the said individual/organization) for a favored candidate’s position or attacks on his opponents. More or less, â€Å"hard† money is donated to a campaign for the candidate to spend while â€Å"soft† money isn’t donated, just spent. There’s a fine line between the two that has more to do with semantics than the action, itself. While there’s a limit on how much â€Å"hard† money can be sent to a can didate, there is no limit on how much â€Å"soft† money his political allies can volunteer to spend on his behalf.  

Biopsychosocial Assessment of Dr. A. Elizabeth “Bessie” Delany Essay Example for Free

Biopsychosocial Assessment of Dr. A. Elizabeth â€Å"Bessie† Delany Essay The following information for this biopsychosocial assessment of Dra. Annie Elizabeth â€Å"Bessie† Delany was found from the autobiography of Bessie and her sister, Sadie (Delany, Delany, Hearth, 1993). Bessie Delany was born in 1891, she is the third daughter of Henry and Nanny Delany. she studied at Columbia University and she became the second female dentists in New York. In that time the segregation, violence, and discrimination took a big part of Delany family, and her parent had a very difficult time raising their family. Bessie and her parents were involved in politics social activism known as the civil movement. Bessie’s parents were an example of life for their children and others in their community. By being a family who succeeded in life. In those days, white people thought that the success for black was waste of time since at that time it was unusual for black people to become successful in their life’s. sheets (Delaney, Delaney, Hill Hearth, 1993). In the book, â€Å"Having Our Say†, Bessie and Sadie Delany reflect on their personal, professional, and social experiences. Both Bessie and Sadie would be considered in Older Adulthood as defined by Zastrow and Kirst-Ashman (2010). At the time that the book was written, Bessie was criticizing the positive and negative. She often got upset as she sees that people were doing the right things. Bessie was the younger of the two sisters, she was a leader, her personality showed anger comparing to her sister that she was very calm. Bessie was reliant on her sister Sadie. For example, Bessie didn’t have a pension and depended upon Sadie’s Board of Education pension to live throughout retirement. (Delaney, Delaney, Hill Hearth, 1993). Biological Issues During the adulthood stage, people have many biological issues like when a person reaches this point in life they begin to face aging problems. One of those issues is the senescence that an individual is affected in different parts of the body, at various rates due to some parts of the body being stronger and resist aging. Older people regularly suffer the most visible effects of physical appearances, like shakiness of the hands and legs. Problems with bodily coordination, shoulder struggles, reduced agility, an increase in wrinkles of the skin, and the slowdown of the Psychomotor skills all occur currently (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2010, pg. 588-589-590 According to the textbook, Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment, the slowdown of the Psychomotor skill specifies that the central nervous system is slowing down the information processing. Older people may come across problems such as difficulty remembering things as well as learning or retaining new information from memory. Problems can arise in certain activities such as driving a car. This can cause an increase in the risk of accidents while they drive. Even in older adulthood, however, if an individual has a healthy physical and mental state, Psychomotor skills can be highly functioning, and the person doesn’t have to have these challenges. Not everyone ages at the same rate, this is true for biological functioning (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2010, pp. 588-590). Bessie Delany’s Biological Development Based on descriptions of Bessie in the book, there are a few of examples that may show signs of aging in her adult biological development. Bessie was walking along with her sister and mother when a boy called them â€Å"grandmas† because of their grey hair, slow movements, and wrinkles (Delaney, Delaney, Hill Hearth, 1993, p. 250). Her body showed her that her youth was gone because they were walking slowly as elders do. Bessie stopped driving a vehicle because of her body changes as her hand movements are diminished, reflexes are different from when she was young. Because of her age, Bessie had also stopped cutting her trees. She did not feel confident to be climbing a ladder and utilized sheets (Delaney, Delaney, Hill Hearth, 1993, pg. 297). Assess Bessie’s Development Normal or Healthy? Yes, Bessie’s biological development was healthy because she still functioned at a high level. She always ate healthily, ate different vegetables every day, and they also included fruits and vitamins. Usually, in her daily routine, she took Vitamins A, B complex, C, D, E, as well as minerals and zinc. Bessie participated in exercises such as yoga, and she also enjoyed cultivating their garden that helped to maintain mental and active physical conditions. Identified Biological Strengths. Bessie had many strengths, despite her age, and she did not lose her vision. She was very independent, motivates her father to become a professional. Her professional goal became a dentist. (Delaney, Delaney, Hill Hearth, 1993, pg. 297). She decides to be a professional instead of being a mother. She had a very strong character, where she didn’t like what she sees, she will protest, especially when she suffered racial attacks. She had a great memory. As she could remember her early childhood. (Delaney, Delaney, Hill Hearth, 1993, pg. 289). Bessie’s Biological Needs Bessie did not have any outstanding biologicals needs, she was healthy at the age of 101 years old. Reference Delaney, Sarah L., Delaney, Annie Elizabeth, Hill-Hearth, Amy (1993). Having our Say. The Delany Sister’ First 100 years. N. Y. New York. Dell Publishing a Division of Random House, Inc. Zastrow, Charles H. Kirst-Ashman Karen, K. (2010). Understanding Human Behavior and Social Environment. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning

Assisi :: essays research papers

Critical Evaluation-Assisi A poem that I have been studying recently is Assisi by Norman McCaig, which I found very interesting to read because it made a statement which relates to our world today even though the poem was wrote about thirty or forty years ago. The poem has lots of ideas including effective figures of speech, good choice of words, important images and irony. The statement that McCaig makes is, where ever there is great wealth it always exists along side great poverty. The poem is set in Assisi in Italy around the 1970’s were all the rich tourists are coming in hundreds from all different countries far and wide to see the frescoes painted by Giotto in Assisi’s huge cathedral. McCaig mainly focuses on the dwarf outside of the three-tier cathedral built in honour of St. Francis. McCaig then proceeds to the priest guiding the tourists around the cathedral telling them the history of Giotto’s frescoes and how they individually teach people the goodness of God and the suffering of his son. McCaig uses effective littery techniques to describe the tourists and to describe the dwarf. He then goes on to explain that the tourists are not studying the frescoes and are just there to boast about being there. Then he goes on to tell of the dwarfs voice when he says â€Å"Grazie† for the money one of the tourists have given to him outside the cathedral. McCaig uses juxtaposition by situating the dwarf outside of the huge three tier cathedral. McCaig also refers to the dwarf as a â€Å"ruined temple†. By saying this he creates a huge contrast between the dwarf and the cathedral, he also uses irony to compare the dwarf to St. Francis were he says: â€Å"Outside the three tiers of churches built in honour of St. Francis, brother of the poor, talker with birds, over whom he had the advantage of not being dead yet.† This is saying that the dwarf had an advantage over one group of people, the dead. I think that it was a good idea to situate the dwarf outside the huge cathedral and create the image of a great, strong, beautifully designed building standing over a small, weak, deformed person. McCaig gives the reader a graphic description of the dwarf in both stanzas 1 and 3 where he uses many littery techniques to describe the dwarf. In stanza 1 he uses alliteration, simile and metaphor to give the reader a graphic view of the dwarfs deformed body:

Cultivation Analysis: an Overview

Cultivation Analysis: On Overview The complete scope of the effects that new media mediums, in particular television, have had on culture and individuals in society are hard to identify. However, it would be hard to argue that television has had no impact on society and how individuals form their values, beliefs, cultural identity and social norms. Cultivation Analysis is a leading theory that explains how television has shaped individual’s and society’s perspective on reality, truths and the world in general.The theory was developed over a number of years by George Gerbner and his colleague Larry Goss at the University of Pennsylvania while they were researching the cultivated impacts that television has on viewers. Gerbner and Goss found that the more time individuals â€Å"live† in a televised world the more they perceive the world television portrays as reality. Gerbner states in his more recent research that television is to the modern world what religion wa s to earlier generations (Gerbner & Goss, 1976).The theory of Cultivation Analysis traces back to the Cultural Indicators Project in 1967 and 1968. The study was for the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence. The study was sponsored by the U. S. Surgeon General’s Scientific Advisory Committee on Television and Social Behavior, the National Institute of Mental Health, The White House Office of Telecommunications Policy, the American Medical Association, the U. S. Administration on Aging, and the National Science Foundation. Gerbner was the lead theorist of the study.Gerbner and his team investigated the extent to which television contributed to viewers’ ideas and perspectives on gender, minority and age-role stereotypes, health, science, the family, education, politics, religion and several other topics. The Cultural Indicators Project involved a three-pronged research strategy. The first prong, called institutional process analysis, was designed to investigate how policies directing the massive flow of media were developed. The second prong is an on-going research project that has recorded weeklong samples of U. S. etwork television dramas. A content analysis of the samples is done in order to classify trends and themes in the world that television presents to its viewers. The third prong deals with examining the responses to questions about social reality among individuals with varying amounts of television exposure. The three prongs used in the Cultural Indicators Project were used to help Gerbner and Goss do research for the development of Cultivation Analysis (Gerbner, 1998). Providing explanation for the terminology used in Cultivation Analysis is crucial to understand the theory.Gerbner uses the concept of â€Å"cultivation† to refer to the independent contribution that television has on its viewers as they make sense of social reality. The term â€Å"cultivation differential† refers to the marginal diff erence between heavy and light television viewers and their conception of social reality. The term cultivation cannot simply be substituted for â€Å"effects. † Cultivation also does not imply a one-way process. The cultivation process explains that there is an interaction between the medium, television, and its publics, television viewers.Television does not simply just create or reflect certain images, opinions or beliefs but rather is an integral aspect of a dynamic process. Institutions that control the creation and distribution of the mass-produced messages on television use the institution’s needs and objectives to shape the views, values and ideas expressed. Gerbner refers to cultivation as a gravitational process. The process depends on where groups of viewers are, viewers style of life and the strength of their personal beliefs, values and view of social reality (Gerbner & Goss, 1976).Cultivation Analysis begins with a message system analysis that identifies t he most recurring, stable and overarching patterns in television content. They are the messages in television that are presented as a system rather than as a specific message in a particular program. Using standard techniques of survey methodology, questions are then posed to sample groups of adults, teens and/or children. Multiple indicators determine the amount of time spent watching television. The difference between heavy and light viewing is made on a case-by-case basis.Cultivation is also dependent on how much television’s messages dominate viewers’ sources of information. The process of mainstreaming stands out as both an indicator of differential vulnerability and as a general pattern that represents the consequences of living with television (Gerbner, 1998). In 1976, George Gerbner and Larry Goss discuss the findings of Cultivation Analysis, which helped with the development of the theory. Gerbner and Goss found differences between symbolic reality and indepen dently observable reality. For example, they found that television underrepresents elderly people (when at the time the lderly population was the fastest growing). They found that the facts of the television world are learned quite well, regardless of whether the viewer believes what they see on television and claim to be able to distinguish between factual and fictional presentations. In this essay, they develop the term â€Å"mean world syndrome. † The term means that heavy viewers of television believe the world to be much more violent and dangerous than in reality. This is a good example of what the theory of cultivation analysis represents. If people are exposed to high amounts of television, it causes them to have a false sense of reality.In television, half of all majors characters encounter a violent action each week, when in reality the FBI reported that only one percent of people in the United States are victims of criminal violence (Gerbner & Goss, 1976). Cultivati on Analysis is a complex and dynamic process. The theory can be defined as the assumption that television cultivates facts, norms and values of society that are in reality, untrue. Cultivation Analysis focuses on the consequences of long-term exposure to the messages, stories and images presented in television.Cultivation Analysis should not be seen as a substitute, but as a complement to traditional approaches to media effects. It concentrates on the powerful and lasting effects of growing up in an era of television. The theory is still being challenged, confirmed, added to and expanded on by many theorist and scholars in the fields of communication and psychology (Gerbner, 1998). References: Gerbner, G. (1998). Cultivation analysis: An overview. Mass Communications & Society, 3(4), 175-194. Gerbner, G. , & Goss, L. (1976). Living with television: The violence profile. Journal of Communications, 26(2), 172-194.

Junk food Essay

Creating a healthier living environment may be able reduce obesity and other things that may occur from drinking sugary drinks. Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg of New York City decided in 2012 that he wanted to restrict the amount of purchases on sugary drinks. His idea was to limit the product to being no more than 16 ounces sold at places other than grocery or convenient stores. This ban was scheduled to go in effect in 2013. Could it really make a difference? Many people feel the government should not be allowed take away the people’s freewill to choose how much sugar drinks one should drink, but rather people should have the right to choose, because sugar drinks many not be the cause of obesity. Many people are in debate about this ban to stop the purchase in restaurants and little quick stands of selling nothing over 16 ounces. In the article, â€Å"Junk Food: should the government regulate our intake, it was stated, â€Å"Michael Bloomberg, however, is overreaching with his new plan to ban the sale of sugary drinks larger than sixteen ounces, He argues that prohibiting big drinks at restaurants, movie theaters, stadiums, and other food sellers can help combat obesity. But as he admits, customers can get around the ban by purchasing two drinks (page 582). Meaning if one decides he or she wants more of a sugary drink, a person can always purchase another cup or bottle of 16 ounces at any given time to get around the ban. With ways to get around this ban the control of sugary drinks is not helpful and will not stop obesity. Another author (Mr. Gary Taustine) states, â€Å"Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg’s effort to promote healthier life-styles is commendable, but the government has no right whatsoever to go beyond promotion to enforcement. You can’t reduce obesity with smaller cups any more than you can reduce gun violence with smaller bullets†. (Page 582) Next, by trying to ban the sale of 16 ounce sugar drinks in places other than stores takes away from the choice of free will. Mr. Daniel Lieberman states, â€Å"People have certain rights, this argument goes, including the rights to drinks lots of soda, to eat junk food, to gain weight, and to avoid exercise†(page585). People should have the right to freewill. Freewill is the ability or discretion to choose; free choice. As human society a person should be allowed to choose how much he or she wants  to drink without any lim its. This is because it is going his or her body not the government’s. Another factor that people need to look into is genetics. According to the www.cdc.gov/features/obesity/, some obesity comes from the people’s genetic makeup. The doctors like to call this the family history. Families with a history of diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure and etc, are proven to have more obesity in their family. Therefore, the cause is genetic. Some start the trend by the rich calorie intake they consume. Some people may do everything to try to cut back on obesity. Some are successful and others follow their genetic makeup. However, the fact that limiting the sale of 16 ounce sugar drinks will not cut down on obesity. It is proven that some people just have obesity in their genes. It is understood why the government would like to cut back on obesity. Mark Bittman feels the government needs to educate the people. He feels if people cut the cost on healthy foods and raise prices on junk foods or sugary drinks, that this will save money in the long run. By cutting cost on healthier foods and making them more economic, people will buy more and less of junk foods and sugary drinks. He argues that if the cost is better for foods that are healthy it will cut back on obesity and save in health care cost in the long run. Right now, it appears that the unhealthy foods are more economic and easier to choose. This is why so many people are obese. He feels that people will be able to make better c hoices if the prices were lowered. Finally, he feels that it is the government responsibility for public health. By cutting back on sugary drinks being sold in restaurants and other places, such as movies and concession stands, it will not stop obesity or cut down on the risk. Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg is all for a healthier living life style. The people of New York is note not doubting this at all, but to think that he can cut down on obesity by limiting the amount of ounces sold is not the way to go. As there are many ways to get around this ban. Especially, if the restaurants has free refills, this may be difficult to monitor. It may also be a bit of an inconvenience as well to the people. This is because they will have to spend more for a product that they are custom to by having to buy more amounts of the product, instead of one bigger cup or bottle. People have the right to choose how much they want to intake. The government should not be allowed to limit the consumption of sugary drinks, because it is the  people’s right to freewill. Serving smaller cups does not cut down on obesity because sometimes obesity is genetic. Therefore, having a healthier lifestyle may help with obesity, but enforcing a drink ban on sixteen ounce sugary drinks will not be effective. Work Cited Sylvan, Barnet & Bedau, Hugo editor Adam Whitehurts, Harold Chester and Karen S. Henry Current Issues and Enduring Questions 10 edition Bedford/St. Martin’s , 2014, 2011, 2008, 2005 Chapter 22 Junk Food: Should the Government Regulate our Intake? Anonymous Editorial, New York Times June 1, 2012 (page 582) Mark Bitterman, New York Times Essay reprint form July 24, 2011 (page 587) Daniel Liberman, New York Times June 6, 2012 (page 585) Gary Taustine, New York Times, June 1, 2012 (page 583) http://www.cdc.gov/features/obesity/, Article written January 19, 2010 , March 22, 2014

Motivation Motivation and daily Bases Essay

Motivation Motivation and daily Bases Essay Motivation: Motivation and daily Bases Essay MOTIVATION Motivation, as defined by Webster is the act of motivating (Merriam – Webster online). We are all motivated by five different approaches that include the following: Intrinsic, personal motivations that drive the individual to do something whether or not there is a reward. Extrinsic, drive a person to do something because of a reward. Instinct, biologically determined innate patterns of behavior. Need, a requirement of some material that is essential for survival. Drive reduction, theory approach to motivation that assumes behavior arises from physiological needs that cause internal drives to push the organism to satisfy the need and reduce tension and arousal. Motivation drives you to move forward and cause you to do the things that do. We are all motivated by something in life. I often tell my co-workers that my children motivate me to come to work each day. I keep a picture of them at my desk, and when the job becomes stressful. I often start to question why I am there. I lo ok at their picture and it brings it all homes for me. This is what motivates me on a daily bases. We are all motivated by something whether it is money, power, success or family. We all have something that makes us continue to move forward in life. As a student the thing that motivates me the most is obtaining my degree and providing a better life for my three boys. This would be my positive emotion. I am a single parent, full-time student and I have full-time job. I often want to quit school on a daily bases. It is very hard to motivate myself sometimes to complete a discussion question or an assignment, however I think of the ends justifying the means overcomes all the stress and lack of

Why Cuxham Is Agrarian Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Why Cuxham Is Agrarian - Essay Example Every society incorporates a dominant economic activity, which helps the communities to lead their lives in an effective manner. It is eminent to state that cultivation is noted to be one of the most important economic activities in the Agrarian society. During the medieval ages, most of the regions were boosting their economy by cultivating in huge areas of land. However, these types of economic activities are specifically observed in the Agrarian society. Since the Roman times, the concept of Agrarian society has its prominence in the social structure of the world. The major characteristic of the mediaeval European ages with respect to Cuxham village were food grain cultivation, agricultural production as well as grazing of life stock. Those are the major instances of the Agrarian social structure in the mediaeval Europe. In this regard, to explain the actual scenario of the social pyramid of Agrarian society, Cuxham village has been taken as example for explaining the underlying f eatures in an appropriate manner (Forgeng). Since the medieval ages, most of the people belonging to Cuxham are leading a regular village lifestyle that reflects the Agrarian society. The empirical evidences regarding numerous villages in England existing in the thirteenth century provide a certain level of information, which apparently supports Cuxham as an Agrarian society. In addition, there are two distinct issues that are observed within the agrarian society i.e., technological arrangements as well as social arrangements.

Lifespan Development and Personality Paper Essay - 1

Lifespan Development and Personality Paper - Essay Example In addition, alcohol, drugs such as cocaine, lead, pesticides can damage sperm and cause children wit congenital defects. If the mother consumes alcohol during pregnancy, then the alcohol crosses the placenta and can result in children with ‘fetal alcohol syndrome’. The kind of diet that a mother takes, drugs, both legal and illegal would effect the later development of the infant. Mothers who have a healthy life style give birth to well formed babies with the right development of limbs and brains. Tobacco smoking by pregnant women is seen to cause premature babies that have low birth weight and increase in fetal deaths. Such children also show increased behavior abnormalities and cognitive problems. Motor development is mainly due to natural maturity but it can also be affected by environmental influences such as disease and neglect. Children with alcoholic mothers or ones who are neglected show lesser inclination to learn motor skills and may grow up with learning disa bilities and other problems. Piaget showed that an infants intellect is different from an adult and that an infant begins at a cognitively primitive level and that intellectual growth progresses in distinct stages, motivated by an innate need to know. Three major concepts are important: schemas, assimilation and accommodation. Schemas are cognitive structures or patterns consisting of a number of organized ideas that grow and differentiate with experience. Assimilation is the process of absorbing new information into existing schemas and accommodation is the process of adjusting old schemas or developing new ones to better fit with new information. In the first few weeks of life, an infant has multiple schemas based on the innate reflexes of sucking and grasping. These schemas are primarily motor and may be little more than stimulus and response mechanisms and soon other schemas emerge as the infant starts eating solid food. Assimilation and accommodation are the two major